How to Control Water Hyacinth - Revision history

Admin: /* Fertilisers */

2010-02-23T17:03:41Z

‎Fertilisers

Admin: /* Fertilisers */

2010-02-23T17:03:31Z

‎Fertilisers

Admin: /* Categories */

2009-12-09T16:05:45Z

‎Categories

Admin: /* Categories */

2009-12-09T16:05:13Z

‎Categories

Admin: /* Categories */

2009-12-09T13:30:48Z

‎Categories

Admin: moved How to Control Water Hyacinth? to How to Control Water Hyacinth

2009-10-16T13:00:32Z

moved How to Control Water Hyacinth? to How to Control Water Hyacinth

Alessandro at 08:59, 25 June 2009

2009-06-25T08:59:51Z

Alessandro at 12:55, 22 June 2009

2009-06-22T12:55:59Z

Maud at 09:28, 16 June 2009

2009-06-16T09:28:34Z

Maud: /* Control of water hyacinth */

2009-06-16T09:27:49Z

‎Control of water hyacinth

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 Compost can be made on a large or small scale and is well suited to labour intensive, low capital production. In developing countries where mineral fertiliser is expensive, it is an elegant solution to the problem of water hyacinth proliferation and also poor soil quality. In Sri Lanka water hyacinth is mixed with organic municipal waste, ash and soil, composted and sold to local farmers and market gardeners.
- ===Rooting Hormone from Water Hyacinth===
+===Rooting Hormone from Water Hyacinth===
 Water Hyacinth solution contains many hormones and growth regulators, including gibberellic acid and many Indol-Acetic compounds (IAA). To prepare rooting hormone from Water Hyacinth:

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:03, 23 February 2010
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	Compost can be made on a large or small scale and is well suited to labour intensive, low capital production. In developing countries where mineral fertiliser is expensive, it is an elegant solution to the problem of water hyacinth proliferation and also poor soil quality. In Sri Lanka water hyacinth is mixed with organic municipal waste, ash and soil, composted and sold to local farmers and market gardeners.		Compost can be made on a large or small scale and is well suited to labour intensive, low capital production. In developing countries where mineral fertiliser is expensive, it is an elegant solution to the problem of water hyacinth proliferation and also poor soil quality. In Sri Lanka water hyacinth is mixed with organic municipal waste, ash and soil, composted and sold to local farmers and market gardeners.
		+
		+	===Rooting Hormone from Water Hyacinth===
		+
		+	Water Hyacinth solution contains many hormones and growth regulators, including gibberellic acid and many Indol-Acetic compounds (IAA). To prepare rooting hormone from Water Hyacinth:
		+
		+	* Remove Water Hyacinth plants from lakes or canals
		+	* Put plants into 20 litre plastic bag, and tie it closed
		+	* Leave the bag for about one month until the plant material has decomposed
		+	* Discard the solid parts and keep only the solution.
		+	* Strain the solution and maintain in a cool place until use.

	===''Fish feed''===		===''Fish feed''===

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	[[Category:Requested translation to Spanish]]		[[Category:Requested translation to Spanish]]
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		+	[[fr:Comment contrôler la prolifération des hyacinthes d’eau]]

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	[[Category:Application]] [[Category:Principles]]		[[Category:Application]] [[Category:Principles]]

−	[[Category:Requested translation to Spanish~~]] [[Category:Requested translation to French~~]]	+	[[Category:Requested translation to Spanish]]

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	[[Category:Application]] [[Category:Principles]]		[[Category:Application]] [[Category:Principles]]
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← Older revision	Revision as of 13:00, 16 October 2009
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 [[Category:Global Technology]] [[Category:Local Technology]] [[Category:Arid Climate]] [[Category:Lakes and Rivers]] [[Category:Global]] [[Category:Monsoon Climate]] [[Category:Rural Environment]]  [[Category:Tropical Climate]] [[Category:Urban Environment]]
 [[Category:Biogas]] [[Category:Charcoal]] [[Category:Compost]] [[Category:Vetiver]] [[Category:One Person and more]]
-[[Category:More than 5 Persons]] [[Category:Village]][[Category:Neighbourhood]]
+ [[Category:Village]][[Category:Neighbourhood]]
 [[Category:Application]] [[Category:Principles]]

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 [[Category:Agriculture]] [[Category:Community]] [[Category:Crisis Management]] [[Category:Energy]] [[Category:Equipment Design]] [[Category:Health]] [[Category:Ideas]]  [[Category:Pest control]] [[Category:Pollution]] [[Category:Prevention]] [[Category:Products]] [[Category:Recycling]] [[Category:Resource Management]] [[Category:Sanitation]] [[Category:Small Business]] [[Category:Soil]]  [[Category:Waste]] [[Category:Water]]  [[Category:Water purification]] [[Category:Irrigation]] [[Category:Fishing]] [[Category:Biodiversity]]
-[[Category:Difficult]] [[Category:Medium]]
+ [[Category:Medium]]
 [[Category:Global Technology]] [[Category:Local Technology]] [[Category:Arid Climate]] [[Category:Lakes and Rivers]] [[Category:Global]] [[Category:Monsoon Climate]] [[Category:Rural Environment]]  [[Category:Tropical Climate]] [[Category:Urban Environment]]

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 There are several popular control mechanisms for preventing the spread of, or eradication of, water hyacinth. The 4 main mechanisms used are biological, chemical, physical control and Run-off control. Each has its benefits and drawbacks. Chemical control is the least favoured due the unknown long-term effects on the environment and the communities with which it comes into contact. Physical control, using mechanical mowers, dredgers or manual extraction methods, is used widely but is costly and cannot deal with very large infestations. It is not suitable for large infestations and is generally regarded as a short-term solution. Biological control is the most widely favoured long-term control method, being relatively easy to use, and arguably providing the only economic and sustainable control. Below we will briefly discuss each of these methods.
-==='''Biological control'''===
+===='''Biological control'''====
 Biological control is the use of host specific natural enemies to reduce the population density of a pest. Several insects and fungi have been identified as control agents for water hyacinth. These include a variety of weevils, moth and fungi. Biological control of water hyacinth is said to be environmentally benign as the control agents tend to be self-regulating. Control programmes are usually inexpensive due to the fact that the control agents are known and only a small numbers of staff are required to run such programmes. One major drawback is that it can take a long time to initiate such projects because it can take several years for the insect population to reach a population density sufficient to tackle the pest problem. In Kenya work is being carried out on the development of a biological herbicide from a locally found fungal pathogen.
-==='''Chemical control'''===
+===='''Chemical control'''====
 The application of herbicides for controlling water hyacinth has been carried out for many years. The common herbicides are 2,4-d, Diquat and Glysophate. It has been found that there is a good success rate when dealing with small infestations but less success with larger areas. Application can be from the ground or from the air and requires skilled operators. As mentioned earlier the main concern when using herbicides is the environmental and health related effects, especially where people collect water for drinking and washing.
-==='''Physical control'''===
+===='''Physical control'''====
 Mechanical removal of water hyacinth is seen as the best short-term solution to the proliferation of the plant. It is however costly, using either land-based ‘clamshell’ bucket cranes, draglines or booms or, alternatively, water based machinery such as mowers, dredges, barges or specially designed aquatic weed harvesters. Such methods are suitable for only relatively small areas. Many of these techniques require the support of a fleet of water and land-based vehicles for transporting the large quantities of water hyacinth which is removed. Mats of water hyacinth can be enormous and can have a density of up to 200 tonnes per acre (Harley, Julien and Wright, 1997).
@@ Line 75: / Line 75: @@
 Transportation of the harvested weed is also costly, because it has such a high water content. Chopping can reduce the volume and the water content.
-===Reduction of nutrient run-off into the water===
+====Reduction of nutrient run-off into the water====
 Besides these three mainstream forms of control Harley, Julien and Wright suggest another method, namely the reduction of nutrient inputs to the water. Although strictly speaking this is a preventative method, it can be argued that a reduction in nutrients in the water body will result in a reduction in the proliferation of water hyacinth. In recent decades there has been a significant increase in the level of nutrients dumped into waterways from industrial and domestic sources as well as from land where fertilisers are used or where clearance has caused an increase in run-off.
 It seems that the systematic use of successive vetiver hedges along the river and lake beds, beside the positive impact on the bank protection, shows positive results in retaining nutrients, pollutants and sediments from the run-off to flow in the water.

@@ Line 57: / Line 57: @@
 ==='''Control of water hyacinth'''===
-There are several popular control mechanisms for preventing the spread of, or eradication of, water hyacinth. The 3 main mechanisms used are biological, chemical and physical control. Each has its benefits and drawbacks. Chemical control is the least favoured due the unknown long-term effects on the environment and the communities with which it comes into contact. Physical control, using mechanical mowers, dredgers or manual extraction methods, is used widely but is costly and cannot deal with very large infestations. It is not suitable for large infestations and is generally regarded as a short-term solution. Biological control is the most widely favoured long-term control method, being relatively easy to use, and arguably providing the only economic and sustainable control. Below we will briefly discuss each of these methods.
+There are several popular control mechanisms for preventing the spread of, or eradication of, water hyacinth. The 4 main mechanisms used are biological, chemical, physical control and Run-off control. Each has its benefits and drawbacks. Chemical control is the least favoured due the unknown long-term effects on the environment and the communities with which it comes into contact. Physical control, using mechanical mowers, dredgers or manual extraction methods, is used widely but is costly and cannot deal with very large infestations. It is not suitable for large infestations and is generally regarded as a short-term solution. Biological control is the most widely favoured long-term control method, being relatively easy to use, and arguably providing the only economic and sustainable control. Below we will briefly discuss each of these methods.
 ==='''Biological control'''===